Problems of risk management in the radiation safety in the Republic of Belarus in different situations

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of themain sources of radioecological risks and disasters in the world and the Republic of Belarus. It is shown that the consequences of radioecological disasters are aggravated by natural phenomena and disasters (hydrometeorological, seismological, etc.). For the Republic of Belarus, the most significant sources are nuclear heritage sites, potential nuclear and radiation disasters, transportation of nuclear materials and transboundary transfer. The main problems of radioecological risk management in Belarus before 1986 are identified and methods for solving them are proposed, taking into account the implementation of a preventive approach. The need for control and management of organizational risks in the radiation safety is shown. The importance of improving the efficiency of the radiation monitoring and radiation situation forecast system, as well as early warning systems and threat and risk mapping, was noted, taking into account known current and potential threats.